Two patients with surgically implanted right atrial silastic catheters for home hyperalimentation developed central vein septic thrombophlebitis. Initial treatment including removal of the catheter and antibiotic therapy was unsuccessful and both patients had persistent fever and bacteremia. A clinical and microbiologic response occurred when anticoagulation therapy with heparin was added to the treatment regimen. Although a surgical approach has been emphasized in patients with peripheral vein suppurative thrombophlebitis, anticoagulation therapy may be a useful alternative in the treatment of patients with central vein infection.