Introduction: Mycoplasma hominis is mostly known for causing urogenital infections. However, it has rarely been described as an agent of brain abscess.
Case presentation: We describe a case of M. hominis brain abscess in a 41-year-old Caucasian woman following uterus curettage. The diagnosis was obtained by 16S rDNA amplification, cloning and sequencing from the abscess pus, and confirmed by a specifically designed real-time polymerase chain reaction assay.
Conclusions: Findings from our patient's case suggest that M. hominis should be considered as a potential agent of brain abscess, especially following uterine manipulation.