The effect of betamethasone on the outcome in moderate to severe tetanus was studied in a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled study in 22 patients. The mortality rate was reduced by 36.1% with the addition of corticosteroids to the regime of treatment. Betamethasone did not alter the duration of intensive care in those requiring it, but reduced the need for tracheostomy and ventilation. The mean daily dose of diazepam required was not significantly different between the two groups and there was no increase in the incidence of infections in the betamethasone group.