Abstract
We describe a 34-year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus infection who received successful treatment of minimally symptomatic Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and who subsequently developed diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and hypoxia 2 weeks after initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy. Initial pathologic evaluation of lung-tissue samples revealed no organisms, but a polymerase chain reaction assay was strongly positive for P. carinii DNA. We hypothesize that this patient's clinical presentation denotes immune reconstitution syndrome in response to residual P. carinii antigen in the lung.
Publication types
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Case Reports
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / drug therapy
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AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / immunology*
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AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / microbiology
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Adult
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Antigens, Fungal / immunology
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DNA, Fungal / analysis
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HIV Infections / complications
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HIV Infections / immunology*
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HIV-1*
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Humans
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Male
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Pneumocystis / genetics
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Pneumocystis / isolation & purification
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Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / drug therapy
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Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / immunology*
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Treatment Outcome
Substances
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Antigens, Fungal
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DNA, Fungal