The effect of Chagas' disease on the digestive tract is evaluated based on the experience acquired in the surgical management of 929 cases of megaesophagus: 807 in the nonadvanced state of the disease and 122 with dolichomegaesophagus. The 807 subjects with nonadvanced megaesophagus were submitted to wide esophagocardiomyectomy on the anterior esophagogastric junction combined with an antireflux valvuloplasty procedure. There was no mortality. On the other hand, dolichomegaesophagus was always resected, with an esophagogastroplasty through the esophageal bed. The index of mortality of the series was 4.1% (5/122) and the main postoperative complications were pleural effusion (22.1%) and fistula of the esophagogastric anastomosis (8.2%). Over the long term the patients adapted well to the operation and gained weight. For the treatment of the megacolon, an easier technique has been employed: resection of the dilated sigmoid colon and colorectal anastomosis just above the anorectal ring. In 30 patients, no leakages, infection or other major complications were seen. The patients, after 1 year of follow-up, had a normal bowel transit.