In 1983 an outbreak of human brucellosis caused by Brucella melitensis occurred among residents of a predominantly Hispanic neighborhood in Houston, TX. The source of the infections was traced to unpasteurized goats' milk cheese imported from Mexico. Nineteen of the 31 patients who contracted the disease were members of 5 families, which included 11 children ranging in age from 2 to 17 years. Infection was generally associated with protein complaints and a paucity of physical findings. Both immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G agglutinins were present in acute phase sera in the majority of patients, and low titers of immunoglobulin M antibodies remained in the sera of 43% who were retested 2 years later. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxozole was highly effective in the treatment of children with brucellosis and was associated with no relapses.