Streptobacillus moniliformis endocarditis: case report and review of literature

Indian Heart J. 2013 Jul-Aug;65(4):442-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ihj.2013.06.019. Epub 2013 Jul 23.

Abstract

Rat bite fever is a rare infection and sometimes results in complications. This case report describes native mitral valve endocarditis in a 44-year-old male patient caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis. The diagnosis was confirmed by transesophageal echocardiography and blood cultures (BACTEC). The patient was treated with IV crystalline penicillin (6 weeks) and gentamicin (2 weeks). The fundamental importance of a high index of suspicion, interpreting investigations and appropriateness of therapy are highlighted.

Keywords: Endocarditis; Mitral valve; Rat bite fever; Streptobacillus moniliformis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Amoxicillin / therapeutic use
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Doxycycline / therapeutic use
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Echocardiography, Transesophageal
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial / diagnosis
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial / drug therapy
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial / microbiology*
  • Gentamicins / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Penicillins / therapeutic use
  • Rat-Bite Fever / diagnosis
  • Rat-Bite Fever / drug therapy
  • Rat-Bite Fever / microbiology*
  • Rats
  • Streptobacillus / isolation & purification

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Gentamicins
  • Penicillins
  • Amoxicillin
  • Doxycycline