Accurate and rapid identification of bacterial species from positive blood cultures with a DNA-based microarray platform: an observational study

Lancet. 2010 Jan 16;375(9710):224-30. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61569-5. Epub 2009 Dec 10.

Abstract

Background: New DNA-based microarray platforms enable rapid detection and species identification of many pathogens, including bacteria. We assessed the sensitivity, specificity, and turnaround time of a new molecular sepsis assay.

Methods: 2107 positive blood-culture samples of 3318 blood samples from patients with clinically suspected sepsis were investigated for bacterial species by both conventional culture and Prove-it sepsis assay (Mobidiag, Helsinki, Finland) in two centres (UK and Finland). The assay is a novel PCR and microarray method that is based on amplification and detection of gyrB, parE, and mecA genes of 50 bacterial species. Operators of the test assay were not aware of culture results. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, and turnaround time according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute recommendations.

Findings: 1807 of 2107 (86%) positive blood-culture samples included a pathogen covered by the assay. The assay had a clinical sensitivity of 94.7% (95% CI 93.6-95.7) and a specificity of 98.8% (98.1-99.2), and 100% for both measures for meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. The assay was a mean 18 h faster than was the conventional culture-based method, which takes an additional 1-2 working days. 34 of 3284 (1.0%) samples were excluded because of technical and operator errors.

Interpretation: Definitive identification of bacterial species with this microarray platform was highly sensitive, specific, and faster than was the gold-standard culture-based method. This assay could enable fast and earlier evidence-based management for clinical sepsis.

MeSH terms

  • Bacteremia / microbiology*
  • Bacteria / isolation & purification*
  • Bacterial Proteins / analysis
  • Bacteriological Techniques
  • DNA Gyrase / analysis
  • DNA Topoisomerase IV / analysis
  • DNA, Bacterial / analysis*
  • Drug Resistance, Bacterial / genetics
  • Genes, Bacterial
  • Humans
  • Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques
  • Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis*
  • Penicillin-Binding Proteins
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction*
  • Sensitivity and Specificity

Substances

  • Bacterial Proteins
  • DNA, Bacterial
  • Penicillin-Binding Proteins
  • mecA protein, Staphylococcus aureus
  • DNA Topoisomerase IV
  • DNA Gyrase