Effective detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile by a two-step algorithm including tests for antigen and cytotoxin

J Clin Microbiol. 2006 Mar;44(3):1145-9. doi: 10.1128/JCM.44.3.1145-1149.2006.

Abstract

We evaluated a two-step algorithm for detecting toxigenic Clostridium difficile: an enzyme immunoassay for glutamate dehydrogenase antigen (Ag-EIA) and then, for antigen-positive specimens, a concurrent cell culture cytotoxicity neutralization assay (CCNA). Antigen-negative results were > or = 99% predictive of CCNA negativity. Because the Ag-EIA reduced cell culture workload by approximately 75 to 80% and two-step testing was complete in < or = 3 days, we decided that this algorithm would be effective. Over 6 months, our laboratories' expenses were US dollar 143,000 less than if CCNA alone had been performed on all 5,887 specimens.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Algorithms
  • Antigens, Bacterial / analysis
  • Bacteriological Techniques / economics
  • Bacteriological Techniques / methods*
  • Bacteriological Techniques / statistics & numerical data
  • Clostridioides difficile / enzymology
  • Clostridioides difficile / immunology
  • Clostridioides difficile / isolation & purification*
  • Clostridioides difficile / pathogenicity
  • Costs and Cost Analysis
  • Cytotoxins / analysis
  • Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / diagnosis
  • Glutamate Dehydrogenase / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immunoenzyme Techniques / economics
  • Immunoenzyme Techniques / methods
  • Immunoenzyme Techniques / statistics & numerical data
  • Neutralization Tests
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Software Design

Substances

  • Antigens, Bacterial
  • Cytotoxins
  • Glutamate Dehydrogenase