Antiretroviral Drug Characteristics, Dosages, Interactions and

Black-box Warnings

Chinese Version

Updated February, 2009

Hsin-Yun Sun, M.D. Chia-Jui Yang, M.D.

               The tables in this chapter are modified from the November 3, 2008 Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-1-infected adults and adolescents by Department of Health and Human Services (1). These tables have been reformatted from the original and revised so that they are easier to view and printout. Information relevant for the clinician has been emphasized.

               Tables 1 through 4 summarize the formulation, dosing recommendations, food effect, and specific adverse events of nucleoside reverse trascriptase (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), protease inhibitors (PIs), fusion inhibitors, CCR5 antagonists, and integrase inhibitors. Table 5 contains dosing recommendations in patients with renal and hepatic insufficiency. Tables 6 through 9 describe adverse events and black-box warnings of antiretroviral therapy and HIV-related drugs with overlapping toxicity. Tables 10 through 12 list the drug interactions among antiretrovirals and other drugs. The highlighted words in yellow are the changes made in the current version as compared with the January 29, 2008 version of the guidelines.

Table 1. Characteristics of Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) (Updated November 3, 2008)^a (PDF Version)

Table 2. Characteristics of Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) (Updated November 3, 2008)^a  (PDF Version)

Table 3. Characteristics of Protease Inhibitors (PIs) (Updated November 3, 2008)^a  (PDF Version)

Table 4. Characteristics of Entry Inhibitors, CCR5 Antagonist and Integrase Inhibitor (Updated January 29, 2008)       (PDF Version) 

Table 5. Antiretroviral Dosing Recommendations in Patients with Renal or Hepatic Insufficiency (Updated November 3, 2008)^a  (PDF Version)

Table 6a. Potentially Life-Threatening Adverse Events. (Updated January 29, 2008) (PDF Version)

Table 6b. Potentially Serious Adverse Events (Updated January 29, 2008)  (PDF Version)

Table 6c. Adverse Events With Potential Long-Term Complications (Updated January 29, 2008) (PDF Version)

Table 6d. Adverse Effects Compromising Quality of Life and/or With Potential Impact on Medication Adherence (Updated January 29, 2008)  (PDF Version)

Table 7. Antiretroviral Therapy-Associated Adverse Effects and Management Recommendations (Updated November 3, 2008)^a (PDF Version) 

Table 8. HIV-Related Drugs With Overlapping Toxicities (Updated January 29, 2008)  (PDF Version)

Table 9. Adverse Drug Reactions and Related “Black Box Warnings” in Product Labeling for Antiretroviral Agents (Updated January 29, 2008) (PDF Version)

Table 10a Drugs That Should Not Be Used With PI, NNRTI, or CCR5 Antagonist Antiretrovirals (Updated November 3, 2008)^a (PDF Version)

Table 10b. Drugs That Should Not Be Used With PI, NNRTI, or CCR5 Antagonist Antiretrovirals (continued) (PDF Version)

Table 11a. Drug Interactions Between Protease Inhibitors (PIs) and Other Drugs (Updated November 3, 2008)^a   (PDF Version)

Table 11b. Drug Interactions Between NNRTIs and Other Drugs (Updated November 3, 2008) ^a (PDF Version)

Table 11c. Drug Interactions Between NRTIs and Other Drugs (including antiretroviral agents) (Updated November 3, 2008) ^a  (PDF Version)

Table 11d. Drug Interactions Between CCR5 Antagonists and Other Drugs (Updated November 3, 2008)^a   (PDF Version)

Table 11e. Drug Interactions Between Antiretrovirals and Other Drugs: Integrase Inhibitors (Updated November 3, 2008) (PDF Version)

Table 12a. Drug Effects on Concentration of PIs (Updated November 3, 2008) ^a  (PDF Version)

Table 12b. Drug Effects on Concentration of NNRTIs and Maraviroc (Updated November 3, 2008) ^a  (PDF Version)

REFERENCES

1.  Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adult and Adolescents. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-1-infected adults and adolescents. Department of Health and Human Services. November 3, 2008, 1-146. Available at http://www.aidsinfo.nih.gov/ContentFiles/AdultandAdolescentGL.pdf.  Accessed on December 1, 2008 [Table 13-16; Appendix Table 2-8].