Antiretroviral Drug Characteristics, Dosages, Interactions and

Black-box Warnings

Updated February, 2009

Hsin-Yun Sun, M.D. Chia-Jui Yang, M.D.

译者：张峣 主治医师

            北京协和医院 感染科

            Email：zhangyao1@gmail.com

               The tables in this chapter are modified from the November 3, 2008 Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-1-infected adults and adolescents by Department of Health and Human Services (1). These tables have been reformatted from the original and revised so that they are easier to view and printout. Information relevant for the clinician has been emphasized.

               Tables 1 through 4 summarize the formulation, dosing recommendations, food effect, and specific adverse events of nucleoside reverse trascriptase (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), protease inhibitors (PIs), fusion inhibitors, CCR5 antagonists, and integrase inhibitors. Table 5 contains dosing recommendations in patients with renal and hepatic insufficiency. Tables 6 through 9 describe adverse events and black-box warnings of antiretroviral therapy and HIV-related drugs with overlapping toxicity. Tables 10 through 12 list the drug interactions among antiretrovirals and other drugs. The highlighted words in yellow are the changes made in the current version as compared with the January 29, 2008 version of the guidelines.

Table 1. Characteristics of Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) (Updated November 3, 2008)^a (PDF Version)

表1. 核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂（NRTIs）的特性（2008年11月3日更新）^a（ PDF版）

Table 2. Characteristics of Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) (Updated November 3, 2008)^a  (PDF Version)

表2. 非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂（NNRTIs）的特性（2008年11月3日更新）^a（ PDF版）

Table 3. Characteristics of Protease Inhibitors (PIs) (Updated November 3, 2008)^a  (PDF Version)

表3. 蛋白酶抑制剂（PIs）的特性（2008年11月3日更新）^a（ PDF版）

Table 4. Characteristics of Entry Inhibitors, CCR5 Antagonist and Integrase Inhibitor (Updated January 29, 2008)       (PDF Version)

表4. 进入抑制剂、CCR5拮抗剂和整合酶抑制剂的特性（2008年1月29日更新）^a（PDF版） 

Table 5. Antiretroviral Dosing Recommendations in Patients with Renal or Hepatic Insufficiency (Updated November 3, 2008)^a  (PDF Version)

表5. 肾功不全或肝功不全患者使用抗逆转录病毒药物的推荐剂量（2008年11月3日更新）^a （PDF版）

Table 6a. Potentially Life-Threatening Adverse Events. (Updated January 29, 2008) (PDF Version)

表6a. 可能出现的威胁生命的不良事件（2008年1月29日更新）^a （PDF版）

Table 6b. Potentially Serious Adverse Events (Updated January 29, 2008)  (PDF Version)

表6b. 可能出现的严重不良事件（2008年1月29日更新）^a （PDF版）

Table 6c. Adverse Events With Potential Long-Term Complications (Updated January 29, 2008) (PDF Version)

表6c. 可能出现长期并发症的不良事件（2008年1月29日更新）^a （PDF版）

Table 6d. Adverse Effects Compromising Quality of Life and/or With Potential Impact on Medication Adherence (Updated January 29, 2008)  (PDF Version)

表6d. 影响生活质量和/或对药物依从性可能产生不良影响的不良事件（2008年1月29日更新）^a （PDF版）

Table 7. Antiretroviral Therapy-Associated Adverse Effects and Management Recommendations (Updated November 3, 2008)^a (PDF Version)

表7. 抗逆转录治疗相关不良反应和推荐处理方法（2008年11月3日更新）^a （PDF版） 

Table 8. HIV-Related Drugs With Overlapping Toxicities (Updated January 29, 2008)  (PDF Version)

表8. 存在交叉毒性的HIV相关药物（ 2008年1月29日更新）^a  （PDF版）

Table 9. Adverse Drug Reactions and Related “Black Box Warnings” in Product Labeling for Antiretroviral Agents (Updated January 29, 2008) (PDF Version)

表9. 抗逆转录病毒药物的不良反应和产品标签中相关的“黑框警告”（ 2008年1月29日更新）^a  （PDF版）

Table 10a Drugs That Should Not Be Used With PI, NNRTI, or CCR5 Antagonist Antiretrovirals (Updated November 3, 2008)^a (PDF Version)

表10a. 不应联合蛋白酶抑制剂、非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂或CCR5 拮抗剂等抗逆转录病毒药物的药物（2008年11月3日更新）^a（PDF版）

Table 10b. Drugs That Should Not Be Used With PI, NNRTI, or CCR5 Antagonist Antiretrovirals (continued) (PDF Version)

表10b. 不应联合蛋白酶抑制剂、 非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂或CCR5 拮抗剂等抗逆转录病毒药物的药物（续）（PDF版）

Table 11a. Drug Interactions Between Protease Inhibitors (PIs) and Other Drugs (Updated November 3, 2008)^a   (PDF Version)

表11a.蛋白酶抑制剂与其他药物的相互作用（2008年11月3日更新）^a（PDF版）

Table 11b. Drug Interactions Between NNRTIs and Other Drugs (Updated November 3, 2008) ^a (PDF Version)

表11b. 非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂与其它药物的相互作用（2008年11月3日更新）^a（PDF版）

Table 11c. Drug Interactions Between NRTIs and Other Drugs (including antiretroviral agents) (Updated November 3, 2008) ^a  (PDF Version)

表11c. 核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂与其它药物的相互作用（2008年11月3日更新）^a（PDF版）

Table 11d. Drug Interactions Between CCR5 Antagonists and Other Drugs (Updated November 3, 2008)^a   (PDF Version)

表11d. CCR5 拮抗剂与其它药物的相互作用（2008年11月3日更新）^a（PDF版）

Table 11e. Drug Interactions Between Antiretrovirals and Other Drugs: Integrase Inhibitors (Updated November 3, 2008) (PDF Version)

表11e. 抗逆转录病毒药与其它药物的相互作用：整合酶抑制剂（2008年11月3日更新）^a（PDF版）

Table 12a. Drug Effects on Concentration of PIs (Updated November 3, 2008) ^a  (PDF Version)

表12a. 药物对蛋白酶抑制剂浓度的影响（2008年11月3日更新）^a（PDF版）

Table 12b. Drug Effects on Concentration of NNRTIs and Maraviroc (Updated November 3, 2008) ^a  (PDF Version)

REFERENCES

1.  Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adult and Adolescents. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-1-infected adults and adolescents. Department of Health and Human Services. November 3, 2008, 1-146. Available at http://www.aidsinfo.nih.gov/ContentFiles/AdultandAdolescentGL.pdf.  Accessed on December 1, 2008 [Table 13-16; Appendix Table 2-8].