Nifurtimox (4 [(5 nitrofurfurylidine) amino] 3 methylthiomorpholine 1, 1 dioxide) is a nitrofuran derivative.
Benznidazole is only used for treating infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. Its efficacy is limited.
Nitro reductase activity results in the formation of nitro anion radicals causing the formation oxygen radicals that result in decreased protein and nucleic acid synthesis, breakage of DNA, and inhibition parasite growth.
Unknown.
No data are available.
The recommended oral dose for adults is 8–10 mg/kg body weight per day. The dosage for adolescents is 12.5–15 mg/kg per day and for children 1–10 years of age it is 15–20 mg/kg per day. Nifurtimox should be given in four divided doses each day, and therapy should be continued for 90–120 days.
Gastrointestinal complaints include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, anorexia, and weight loss. Possible neurologic symptoms include insomnia, twitching, restlessness, paraesthesias, disorientation, and seizures. Rashes also occur. These symptoms generally disappear when the dosage is reduced or therapy is stopped.
No information.
None reported.
Unknown