Table 1. Comparison of T. B. Gambiense and T.B. Rhodesiense Trypanosomiasis:

Epidemiology, Clinical Course And Diagnosis.

	*T.b. gambiense*	*T.b. rhodesiense*
Distribution	Central and West Africa	East and Southern Africa
Countries with highest incidence	Democratic Republic of Congo, Angola, Sudan, Central African Republic, Congo-Brazzaville. Tchad, Uganda	Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia
Main reservoir	Man	Cattle, antelope and other animals
Vector	Glossina palpalis group	Glossina morsitans group
Incubation period	Months to years	Weeks
Interval between first symptoms and central nervous system involvement	Months	Weeks
Parasitaemia	Low and intermittent	High and more constant
Diagnosis	Lymph node aspirate Wet and thick smears Miniature anion exchange centrifugation technique Quantitative buffy coat CSF examination	Wet and thick smears CSF examination
Serology	Card Agglutination Test for Trypanosomiasis	None
Inoculation chancre	Very rare	Unusual
Cervical lymphadenopathy	Frequent	Unusual
Neck stiffness	Rare	Rare

Table 2. Comparison of T.b. gambiense and T.b. rhodesiense Trypanosomiasis:

Treatment of Early-Stage and Late-Stage Patients.

	*T.b. gambiense*	*T.b. rhodesiense*
Early-stage	Pentamidine	Suramin
Late-stage	Eflornithine or melarsoprol	Melarsoprol
Melarsoprol-induced encephalopathy: Frequency in late-stage Prevention Treatment Case-fatality rate	5-10% Prednisolone (well studied) Dexamethasone Anticonvulsants >50%	Up to 18% Prednisolone (not studied) Dexamethasone Anticonvulsants >50%
Pre-treatment before melarsoprol Drug Value	Pentamidine Doubtful	Suramin Doubtful
Adjuvant drugs	Albendazole Antimalarials	Albendazole Antimalarials

Table 3. Comparison of T.b. gambiense and T.b. rhodesiense Trypanosomiasis: Treatment of Relapses.

	*T.b. gambiense*	*T.b. rhodesiense*
Post-pentamidine or Post-suramin	Eflornithine or melarsoprol	Melarsoprol
Post-eflornithine	Melarsoprol
Post-melarsoprol	Eflornithine	Melarsoprol (high-dose)
Additional relapses	after melarsoprol once and eflornithine once: nifurtimox + melarsoprol or nifurimox + eflornithine	after 2 courses of melarsoprol: consider nifurtimox + melarsoprol