Table 1

Table 1. MIC Distribution of European and U.S. M. catarrhalis Isolates for 1992 and 1993 (n = 818)

Antibiotic

0.03

0.06

0.12

0.25

0.5

MIC

Penicillin

119^a

18^a

2^a

17^b

36^b

160^b

95^b

60^b

85^b

224^b

Amoxicillin

152^a

56^a

153^a

78^b

111^b

126^b

104^b

26^b

4^b

8^b

Amoxicillin/clavulanate

471^a

177^a

154^a

14^a

2^a

0^a

0^b

Cefaclor^b

179^a

267^a

296^a

51^a

16^a

7^a

2^c

0^b

Cefuroxime

96^a

283^a

226^a

197^a

15^a

1^c

0^b

Cefixime

471^a

210^a

136^a

1^a

0^a

0^b

Cefixime Ceftriaxone

458^a

70^a

158^a

122^a

9^a

1^a

0^a

0^c

0^b

Erythromycin

129^a

622^a

48^a

11^a

3^c

2^c

3^c

0^b

Clarithromycin

728^a

72^a

8^a

3^a

1^c

0^b

Azithromycin

795^a

13^a

2^a

6^a

1^a

0^c

0^b

Doxycycline

810^a

4^a

3^a

1^a

0^a

0^c

0^b

Chloramphenicol

157^a

615^a

45^a

1^a

0^a

0^c

0^b

Ciprofloxacin

628^a

171^a

15^a

3^a

0^a

1^a

0^a

0^b

Ofloxacin

49^a

305^a

445^a

15^a

3^a

0^a

1^c

0^b

Cotrimoxazole

796^a

176^a

4^a

1^c

0^b

^aSensitive.

^bResistant.

^c Intermediate.

nt=not tested

Table 2. Adult Doses [Download PDF]

Agents	Route	Dose	Infection	Frequency	Duration (Days)	Pregnancy Category
Cefprozil p.o. Cefuroxime axetil p.o. Cefuroxime i.v.	p.o. p.o. i.v.	500 mg 250-500 mg³750 mg-1.5 g ^3/4/5	Bronchitis/sinusitis Bronchitis/sinusitis/pneumonia³ Pneumonia³/bacteremia⁴/ Bone & joint⁵	q. 12 h q. 12 h q. 8 h	10-14^b 10-14^b 10-14^b	B B B
Cefixime Cefpodoxime Ceftriaxone	p.o. p.o. i.v. or i.m.	400 mg 200 mg 1-2 g max;2 g q. 12 h ⁶	Bronchitis/sinusitis/pneumonia Bronchitis/sinusitis/pneumonia Pneumonia/meningitis⁶/Bone & joint	q. 24 h q. 12 h q. 12-24 h	10-14^b 10-14^b 10-14^b	B B B
Amoxicillin/clavulanate Ampicillin/sulbactam Trimethoprim/ Sulfamethoxazole TMP/SMX Erythromycin	p.o. i.v./i.m. p.o. i.v.³ p.o.	250-500 mg³ 1.5-3.0 g 1 DS tab 5 mg/kg i.v. (TMP) 250 mg/333^a mg/500 mg	Bronchitis/sinusitis/pneumonia³ Pneumonia Bronchitis/sinusitis Pneumonia³ Bronchitis/sinusitis/pneumonia	q. 8 h q. 6 h q. 12 h q. 6 h q. 6/8/12 h^a	10-14 10-14 10-14 10-14	B B Caution Contraindicated At term B estolate contraindicated
Erythromycin Clarithromycin Azithromycin	i.v.³ p.o. p.o.	500 mg-1 gm 250 mg-500 mg 500 mg day 1/250 mg day 2-5	Pneumonia³ Bronchitis/sinusitis/pneumonia Bronchitis/sinusitis	q. 6 h q. 12 h q. 24 h	10-14 10-14 5	B C/contraindicated B
Azithromycin	i.v.³	500 mg	Pneumonia³	q. 24 h (2-5)	7-10 total i.v./p.o.	B
Ciprofloxacin	p.o./i.v.	500-750 mg p.o./400 mg i.v.	Bronchitis/sinusitis/pneumonia/ bacteremia/bone & joint	q. 12 h	10-14^b	C/contraindicated
Ofloxacin	p.o./i.v.	400 mg p.o./ 400 mg i.v.	Bronchitis/sinusitis/pneumonia/ bacteremia/bone & joint	q. 12 h	10-14^b	C/contraindicated
Levofloxacin	p.o./i.v.	500 mg p.o./ 500 mg i.v.	Bronchitis/sinusitis/pneumonia/ bactermia/bone & joint	q. 24 h	10-14^b	C/contraindicated
Tetracycline	p.o.	250-500 mg	Bronchitis/sinusitis	q. 6 h	10-14	Contraindicated
Doxycycline	p.o.	200 mg 1^st day/ 100 mg q. day	Bronchitis/sinusitis/pneumonia	q. 12-24 h	10-14	Contraindicated
Doxycycline	i.v.	100 mg	Pneumonia	q. 12 h	10-14	Contraindicated
Chloramphenicol	i.v.	100 mg/kg/d⁷	Meningitis⁷	q. 6 h	10-14^b	Caution- especially at term
Chloramphenicol	i.v.	50 mg-75 mg/kg/day	Bacteremia/pneumonia	q. 6 h	10-14^b	Caution- Especially at term

^aPreparation dependent.

^bBone infections and bacteremia with associated endocarditis require longer therapy.

Table 3. Pediatric Doses [Download PDF]

Agents	Route	Dose	Infection		Frequency	Duration
Cefprozil	p.o.	30 mg/kg q. d¹ ,		Acute otitis media¹/pharyngitis/ sinusitis/bronchitis	q. 12 h	10-14 days^a
Cefuroxime axetil	p.o.	30 mg/kg q. d¹, 15 mg/kg q. d.²		Acute otitis media¹/pharyngitis/ sinusitis/bronchitis	q. 12 h	10-14 days^a
Cefuroxime axetil	p.o.	30-40 mg/kg/day¹/ 20 mg/kg/day²		Acute otitis media¹/pharyngitis² sinusitis/bronchitis/pneumonia	q. 12 h	10-14 days^a
Cefuroxime	i.v.	100-150 mg/kg day^5/6		Pneumonia⁴/bacteremia⁵/ bone & joint⁶	q. 8 h	10-14 days^a
Cefixime	p.o.	8 mg/kg/day¹		Acute otitis media¹/pharyngitis sinusitis/bronchitis/pneumonia	q. 24 h	10-14 days^a
Cefpodoxime	p.o.	10 mg/kg/day¹ (NTE 400 mg/day¹)		Acute otitis media¹/pharyngitis sinusitis/bronchitis/pneumonia	q. 12 h	10-14 days^a
Ceftriaxone	i.v. or IM	50 mg/kg to 75-100 mg/kg/day^7b		Acute otitis media¹/bronchitis/ pneumonia/meningitis⁷ bacteremia/bone & joint	Single dose¹ to 12 h⁷	10-14 days^a
Amoxicillin/clavulanate	p.o.	40/6.4-20/6. 4 mg/kg/day		Acute otitis media¹/bronchitis/ pneumonia/pharyngitis/sinusitis	q. 8 h	10-14 days^a
Ampicillin/sulbactam	i.v. or i.m. Not Recommended If < 12 years of age	25-50 mg/kg q6^o 50-100 mg/kg⁷ q6		Pneumonia⁴/meningitis⁷/ bacteremia⁵/bone & joint⁶	q. 6 h	10-14 days^a
Trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole	p.o. i.v. ^4/6/7	8 mg/kg/day (TMP)¹ 5 mg/kg q. 6 h (TMP)		Acute otitis media¹/bronchitis/ pneumonia⁴	q. 12 h	10-14 days
TMP/SMX Erythro-sulfisoxazole	p.o.	40 mg/kg/day¹		Meningitis⁷/bacteremia⁶/sinusitis Acute otitis media¹/bronchitis/ pneumonia/pharyngitis/sinusitis	q. 6 h q. 6-8 h	10-14 days 10-14 days
Erythromycin	p.o.	30-40 mg/kg/day		Acute otitis media¹/bronchitis/ Pneumonia/pharyngitis/sinusitis	q. 6/8/12 h	10-14 days
Erythromycin	i.v.	15-40 mg/kg.day		Pneumonia⁴	q. 6 h	10-14 days
Clarithromycin	p.o.	7.5 mg/kg/day		Acute otitis media¹/bronchitis/ Pneumonia/pharyngitis/sinusitis	q. 12 h (NTE 500 mg dose)	10-14 days
Azithromycin	p.o.	10 mg/kg/day, then 5 mg/kg/day 2-5 days		Acute otitis media¹/bronchitis pneumonia/sinusitis/pharyngitis	q. 24 h	5 days dosing
Chloramphenicol	i.v.	50-75 mg/kg/day		Bacteremia	q. 6 h	10-14 days^a
Chloramphenicol	i.v.	100 mg/kg/day⁷		Meningitis⁷	q. 6 h	10-14 days^a

^aBone infections and bacteremia with associated endocarditis require longer therapy.

^b100 mg/kg primary dose for meningitis not to exceed 4 g then 100/kg/day not to exceed (4 g/day).